History of the Chandelier

The chandelier (Kronleuchter) is probably the most well recognised type of light fixture in the entire world, with an especially long and rich history in the United Kingdom and throughout the European continent. While the chandelier may have started as a simple and practical style of light, it is now normally a highly ornate and decorative design feature. While there is a large number of chandeliers that play with the conventions and traditions of the chandelier form, every chandelier is unmistakably part of the same history and traditions. A chandelier can be best defined as a light fixture with a branched structure that is hung from the ceiling of a building, often including a decorative and geometric style of design. While chandeliers can be found all over the world, much of their history comes from Europe.

 

The very first examples of chandeliers come from the middle ages, although they looked very different to the chandeliers of today. The earliest examples were found in medieval places of worship, where they often took the form of a basic wooden cross complete with a number of spikes on which candles were placed. While this basic design was probably around for a long time, much more decorative and ornate variations started popping up in the 15th century. Instead of the standard cross pattern, many of the new designs featured rings and crown style geometry instead, which is perhaps an example of their emerging use by the royal and noble classes of Europe. The high cost of night time illumination meant that they were always associated with the wealthy classes, a situation that has changed little since this time.

Many of the developments in chandelier construction were based either on changes in design due to the changing nature of fuels or to changing aesthetics. In the 18th century the cheaper production of lead crystal gave birth to the crystal chandelier, and in the 19th century the advent of gas illumination meant that many existing designs were changed to gas. Chandeliers have also become more refined and ornate during the years, with the development of gold ornamentation, crystal festoons, and new geometries. In the 20th century many designers played with the chandelier form, using new materials and contemporary design techniques. While the design will continue to change and evolve, chandeliers will continue to be used and loved all around the world for many years to come.